Clin Infect Dis 66 1 —, Marburg or Ebola virus infection is suspected in patients with bleeding tendencies, fever, other symptoms consistent with early filovirus infection, and travel from endemic areas. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued guidelines for evaluating travelers returning from endemic areas see Think Ebola: Early recognition.
A similar approach can be used if Marburg virus is suspected. Cases should be discussed with public health authorities, who can assist in all facets of management, including. Testing includes complete blood count, routine blood chemistries, liver and coagulation tests, and urinalysis.
The gold standard is detection of characteristic virions with electron microscopy of infected tissue especially liver or blood. Two monoclonal antibody treatments are currently available to treat Ebola virus infection caused by the Zaire ebolavirus. The second drug, mAb, is a single monoclonal antibody ansuvimab that was approved in December Until the two monoclonal antibodies or others are shown to neutralize Marburg virus, there is still no effective treatment for that virus infection.
In , the European Medicines Agency granted marketing authorization to a second new vaccine delivered in 2 doses, one each of Ad To prevent spread, symptomatic patients with possible Ebola or Marburg virus infection must be isolated in dedicated containment facilities.
Standard intensive care units ICUs in public hospitals are not suitable. Special containment facilities provide for total control of fluid effluent and respiratory products. Staff members in contact with patients must be completely covered in protective suits with internal containment of respiratory gases. Trained staff members must be available to help those in contact with patients remove the protective clothing.
Protocols for donning and removing mask, goggles or face shields, gown, and gloves must be followed see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Sequence for Donning Personal Protective Equipment. Thorough equipment sterilization, hospital closures, and community education have shortened previous epidemics. Because Marburg and Ebola viruses can persist in semen and be sexually transmitted, the World Health Organization WHO recommends that patients who have had either infection and their sex partners should abstain from all types of sex or use condoms correctly and consistently until one of the following occurs:.
Ebola and Marburg viruses, although distinct, cause similar hemorrhagic fevers; outbreaks are perpetuated mainly by human-to-human transmission via contact with infected body fluids, organs of infected people, or cadavers. Suspect Marburg or Ebola virus infection in patients with bleeding tendencies, fever, other compatible symptoms, and travel from endemic areas.
Isolate patients with possible infection in dedicated containment facilities, and use strict procedures to protect workers who care for these patients. The following English-language resources may be useful. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Think Ebola: Early recognition : Infographic for health care providers approaching a patient who may have Ebola.
WHO's Ebola situation reports: Archive. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Manual was first published in as a service to the community. Learn more about our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Common Health Topics.
Videos Figures Images Quizzes Symptoms. Transmission of Marburg and Ebola viruses. General references. Symptoms and Signs. Symptoms and signs reference. Key Points. More Information. Arboviruses, Arenaviridae, and Filoviridae. Test your knowledge.
Streptobacillary rat-bite fever is caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis , an organism found in the oropharynx of healthy rats. The consequences of cell infection are examined, together with our current understanding of the immune response to Ebola virus, leading to a broader description of the clinical features of disease.
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Oxford Medicine Online. Publications Pages Publications Pages. Recently viewed 0 Save Search. Palmer S. David W. Brown David W. Google Preview. Read More. For people who survive, recovery is slow. It may take months to regain weight and strength, and the viruses remain in the body for weeks. People may experience:. Prevention focuses on avoiding contact with the viruses. The following precautions can help prevent infection and spread of Ebola virus and Marburg virus.
The U. It's given as a single dose and has been found to be effective and safe to use. Another Ebola vaccine has been developed and used in the Democratic Republic of Congo in a research study. It requires two doses, taken 56 days apart.
Scientists continue to work on a variety of vaccines that would protect people from Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Research is ongoing. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Ebola virus and Marburg virus are related viruses that may cause hemorrhagic fevers.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. More Information Ebola transmission: Can Ebola spread through the air? Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Ebola Ebola virus disease.
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