Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society [published correction appears in Ann Intern Med. Ann Intern Med. National Headache Foundation. National Headache Foundation standards of care for headache diagnosis and treatment. Chicago, Ill. Treatment of fibromyalgia with cyclobenzaprine: a meta-analysis.
Arthritis Rheum. EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. Prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants for back pain in the United States. Muscle relaxants for non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Comparative efficacy and safety of skeletal muscle relaxants for spasticity and musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review.
J Pain Symptom Manage. Diamond S. Double-blind study of metaxalone; use as a skeletal-muscle relaxant. Chou R, Huffman LH. Activity of tetrazepam in low back pain. Clin Trials J. Treatment of chronic low-back syndrome with tetrazepam in a placebo controlled double-blind trial.
J Drug Dev. Scheiner JJ. Cyclobenzaprine in the treatment of local muscle spasm. Minneapolis, Minn. Aiken DW. A comparative study of the effects of cyclobenzaprine, diazepam, and placebo on acute skeletal muscle spasm of local origin.
Brown BR jr, Womble J. Cyclobenzaprine in intractable pain syndrome with muscle spasms. Basmajian JV. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride effect on skeletal muscle spasm in the lumbar region and neck: two double-blind controlled clinical laboratory studies.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Cyclobenzaprine and back pain: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. Cyclobenzaprine and naproxen versus naproxen alone in the treatment of acute low back pain and muscle spasm. Clin Ther. Low-dose cyclobenzaprine versus combination therapy with ibuprofen for acute neck or back pain with muscle spasm: a randomized trial.
Curr Med Res Opin. Management of acute musculoskeletal conditions: thoracolumbar strain or sprain. Double-blind evaluation comparing the efficacy and safety of carisoprodol with diazepam. Today's Ther Trends. Bragstad A, Blikra G. Evaluation of a new skeletal muscle relaxant in the treatment of lower back pain a comparison of DS — with chlorzoxazone. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. A clinical and pharmacologic review of skeletal muscle relaxants for musculoskeletal conditions.
Am J Ther. Borenstein DG, Korn S. Efficacy of a low-dose regimen of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride in acute skeletal muscle spasm: results of two placebo-controlled trials. Carisoprodol: a marginally effective skeletal muscle relaxant with serious abuse potential. Hosp Pharm. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference.
This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. It has antispasmodic and antispastic effects, meaning that it targets the skeletal muscles and central nervous system to improve muscle tightness and reduce muscle spasms.
A doctor may prescribe tizanidine to manage spasticity resulting from various conditions, including multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord injuries. Although people usually tolerate tizanidine well and find that it can provide relief, muscle relaxants can sometimes cause side effects. Therefore, it is important that people follow the dosage that their doctor recommends. Generally, doctors will recommend that people start at 2 milligrams mg per dose and gradually increasing this amount until they get optimal relief.
If necessary, individuals may take the medication three times per day — with 6—8 hours between doses — but the dosage should not exceed 36 mg a day. Common side effects of tizanidine include dry mouth , drowsiness, fatigue , and dizziness.
The main warnings associated with the drug are the risk of low blood pressure and liver damage. In this article, we discuss tizanidine in more detail, including its uses, dosage, side effects, and drug interactions.
Tizanidine belongs to a class of drugs called central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists. It is a fast-acting muscle relaxant that doctors commonly prescribe to help manage muscle spasticity. It works by increasing the inhibition of motor neurons in the brain, which are the nerve cells that send messages to muscles to contract. Although the drug has no direct effect on muscles, its inhibition of motor neurons indirectly causes the muscles to relax.
Doctors may use tizanidine to manage muscle spasms that occur due to the following :. Tizanidine is available in the form of 2- or 4-mg tablets and 2-, 4-, or 6-mg capsules. The effects are highest at 1—2 hours post-dose, and they end after roughly 3—6 hours. People will typically start on a lower dose of 2 or 4 mg due to the possible dose-related side effects.
A doctor can then increase the dose in increments of 2—4 mg every 1—4 days to achieve the optimal effect possible with a tolerable amount of side effects. Published: Aug 02, Last Updated: Oct 28, Zanaflex Tizanidine With Soma Carisoprodol Interaction In our latest question and answer, the pharmacist discusses the potential interaction between Soma carisoprodol and Zanaflex tizanidine.
Answered By: Dr. Brian Staiger Pharm. Jul 29, Was this article helpful? We'll never share your email with anyone else. Submit Close. Staiger walrus. Related Questions. Is there an interaction between Wellbutrin XL and Benadryl? Thanks for your help! The validity of each included study was assessed using a data abstraction form and predefined criteria. An overall grade was allocated for the body of evidence for each key question.
A total of randomized trials were included in this review. No randomized trial was rated good quality, and there was little evidence of rigorous adverse event assessment in included trials or observational studies. There is fair evidence that baclofen, tizanidine, and dantrolene are effective compared to placebo in patients with spasticity primarily multiple sclerosis.
0コメント